Sakht Sardi Ke Mausam Mein Junubi Shakhs Ka Tayammum Karna

 Sakht Sardi Ke Mausam Mein Junubi Shakhs Ka Tayammum Karna

Teheer: Shaikh Maqbool Ahmad Salafi Hafizahullah 

Romanised By: Umar Asari 

Thandi ke mausam mein aam taur se log yeh sawaal baar baar poochte hain ke jise Fajr ki namaz ke liye ghusl ki zaroorat hai masalan junubi ya mohtalim (jise ehtilaam ho) to kya aisa aadmi sakht thandi ke sabab ghusl ki bajaaye Tayammum kar sakta hai is haal mein ke paani garam karne ki sahulat na ho?

Yeh sawaal meri nazar mein kaafi ahem hai khaas taur par is tarah se ke thande paani se ghusl ka kahufnaak taswwur kar ke log ghusl chor dete hain yahan tak ke Namaz e Fajr jaisi ahem ibadat bhi chor dete hain. Is liye yeh ahem masla jaan lena zaroori hai.

Allah Taala ne bandon ko taaqat se ziyadah ka mukallaf nahi banaaya hai aur deen mushkil ka naam nahi, is mein bandon ke liye aasani hai. Agar koi aadmi raat ko junubi ho gaya ya use Fajr se pehle ehtelaam ho gaya. Paani maujood hai magar use garam karne ki koi soorat nahi aur thande paani se ghusl karne par beemaar ho jaane ya pehle se beemaar ho to us ki beemari mein izafah ho jaane ka sabab ho to is soorat e haal mein ghusl ki bajaaye Tayammum karna kaafi hoga jo ghusl aur wuzu dono ke liye kifaayat karega. Allah Taala ka farmaan hai:

وَإِن كُنتُم مَّرْضَىٰ أَوْ عَلَىٰ سَفَرٍ أَوْ جَاءَ أَحَدٌ مِّنكُم مِّنَ الْغَائِطِ أَوْ لَامَسْتُمُ النِّسَاءَ فَلَمْ تَجِدُوا مَاءً فَتَيَمَّمُوا صَعِيدًا طَيِّبًا فَامْسَحُوا بِوُجُوهِكُمْ وَأَيْدِيكُمْ ۗ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ عَفُوًّا غَفُورًا

Tarjumah: Aur agar tum beemaar ho ya safar mein ho ya tum mein se koi qazaa e haajat se aaya ho ya tum ne aurton se mubaasharat ki ho aur tumhein paani na mile to paak mitti ka qasd karo aur apne munh aur apne haath mein mal lo be-shak Allah Taala maaf karne waala, bakhshne waala hai.

(Surah An-Nisa, Surah No: 4 Ayat No: 43)

Is Ayat mein beemaar aur musaafir ko paani na milne ki soorat mein Tayammum ki ijazat di gayi hai. Beemaar se woh aadmi muraad hai jise wuzu aur ghusl se nuqsaan ya beemari mein izafah ka andeesha ho. Is beemaar mein woh muqeem bhi daakhil hai jis ne raat mein biwi se jima' kiya ya use ehtelaam ho gaya, garam paani muyassar nahi, thande paani se ghusl zarar ka baa'is ya zarar mein izafah ka sabab hai. Hadees se is ki khaas daleel bhi milti hai:

احْتَلَمْتُ فِي لَيْلَةٍ بَارِدَةٍ فِي غَزْوَةِ ذَاتِ السَّلاَسِلِ فَأَشْفَقْتُ إِنِ اغْتَسَلْتُ أَنْ أَهْلِكَ فَتَيَمَّمْتُ ثُمَّ صَلَّيْتُ بِأَصْحَابِي الصُّبْحَ فَذَكَرُوا ذَلِكَ لِلنَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ ‏"‏ يَا عَمْرُو صَلَّيْتَ بِأَصْحَابِكَ وَأَنْتَ جُنُبٌ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ بِالَّذِي مَنَعَنِي مِنَ الاِغْتِسَالِ وَقُلْتُ إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ ‏{‏وَلاَ تَقْتُلُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ بِكُمْ رَحِيمًا}‏ فَضَحِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم وَلَمْ يَقُلْ شَيْئًا ‏

Tarjumah: Amr bin Al-Aas Radhiallahu Anhu kehte hain ke Gazwa Zaat us Salasil ki ek thandi raat mein mujhe ehtelaam ho gaya aur mujhe yeh darr laga ke agar mein ne ghusl kar liya to mar jaaonga, chunanche main ne Tayammum kar ke apne saathiyon ko Fajr padhaayi, to logon ne Nabi e Akram Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam se is ka zikr kiya to aap ne farmaaya: “Amr! Tum ne janabat ki haalat mein apne saathiyon ko namaz parhaayi?”, chunanche main ne Aap Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ko ghusl na karne ka sabab bataaya aur kaha: Main ne Allah Taala ka yeh farmaan suna ke «‏ وَلاَ تَقْتُلُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ كَانَ بِكُمْ رَحِيمًا‏» (Surah An-Nisa : 29) “Tum apne aap ko qatl na karo, be-shak Allah tum par rahem karne waala hai” yeh sun kar RasoolAllah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam hanse aur Aap ne kuch nahi kaha.

(Abu Dawood: 334)

* Allama Albani Rahimahullah ne is Hadees ko Sahih kaha hai. 

Is Hadees ke mutalliq Hafiz Ibn e Hajar Asqalaani Rahimahullah ne likha hai:

وفي هذا الحديث جواز التيمم لمن يتوقع من استعمال الماء الهلاك سواء كان لأجل برد أو غيره، وجواز صلاة المتيمم بالمتوضئين

Tarjumah: Is Hadees mein is ka jawaaz paaya jaata hai ki sardi waghaira ki wajah se agar paani istemaal karne se halaakat ka khadsha ho to Tayammum kiya jaa sakta hai, aur isi tarah tayammum karne waala shakhs Wuzu karne waalon ki imamat bhi karwa sakta hai.

(Fatah ul Baari: 1/454)

Chand mazeed masaail: 

➊ Aaj kal aksar jagah paani garam karne ki sahulat maujood hai, aksar o beshtar gharon mein stove, gas aur chulha paaya jaata hai jis se ba-aasaani paani garam kar sakte hain, teen chaar liter paani garam kar ke ek baalti paani mein mila kar badan dhoya jaa sakta hai Magar doosron se sharm o haya mehsoos karte huwe paani garam kar ke nahi nahaaya jaata hai. yeh sara-sar ghalat hai.

➋ Sardi mein aam taur se log zukaam mein mubtala hote hain, agar zukaam musalsal chala aa raha ho aur ghusl se tabeeb (doctor) ne mana kiya ho janabat se tahaarat ke liye bas Tayammum kar le lekin mamooli sardi aur zukaam ho aur paani se chaahe sard ho ya garam nuqsaan na ho to ghusl waajib hai. (Beemari ke waqt paani ke istemaal se mutalliq tabeeb se mashwarah len)

➌ Agar waqaee garam paani dastiyaab nahi hai aur thande paani se badan dhoona mumkin ho to jahaan tak ho sake dho len, sar dhoona nuqsaan-deh ho to sar chor den aur saath hi Tayammum bhi kar len.

➍ Agar koi Fajr ki namaz shuru hone ke waqt be-daar huwa is haal mein ke ghusl karna zaroori hai aur paani garam karne aur nahaane mein namaz ba-jamaat faut hone ka andeesha hai to bhi ghusl kare kiunki tahaarat ke baghair namaz nahi, haan agar namaz qaza hone ka khatra hai yani sooraj nikalne mein kuch minutes baaqi reh gaye hain to paani garam karne aur nahaane ka intezaar na kare balki Tayammum kar ke namaz padh le.

➎ Agar aurat ne baal ko mazbooti se baandh kar laten banaayi hon to ghusl e janabat ke waqt baal kholne ki zaroorat nahi balki teen lap sar pe paani daalna kaafi hai. Is ki daleel Muslim Shareef ki woh riwayat hai jis mein Umm e Salama Radhiallahu Anha ko baal mazbooti se goondhne ki wajah se Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne sar pe teen lap paani daalne ka hukm diya hai.

➏ Tayammum ka tareeqa yeh hai ke ek martaba dono haath zameen par maare aur ek haath ko doosre haath par sirf kalaayi tak phere aur phir chehre par phair le. Tayammum se wuzu aur ghusl dono ek saath ho jaayega.

➐ Tayammum paak mitti se kiya jaayega, zameen aur deewaar bhi paak mitti ke hukm mein hai chaahe us pe dhool lagi ho ya na lagi ho. Haan agar deewaar mitti/eent ki bajaaye us pe lakdi ya tiles lagi ho to us pe Tayammum na kare kiunki yeh mitti ke hukm mein nahi hai, us pe dhool mitti jami ho tab us se Tayammum karne mein koi harj nahi.

Wallahu A'lam