Quran Khwaani Ki Shar’ee Haisiyat

 Quran Khwaani Ki Shar’ee Haisiyat

Tehreer: Shaikh Ghulam Mustafa Zaheer Amanpoori Hafizahullah

Romanised By: Umar Asari

Qareeb-ul-maut, mayyit aur qabr par Quran padhna Quran-o-Hadees se saabit nahi. Sahaba-e-Kiraam Rizwaanullahi Alaihim Ajma’een ki zindagiyon mein is ka hargiz suboot nahi milta. Teeja, Qul, Jume’raat ka khatm aur Chehlum waghera bid’aat aur ghair Islaami rusoomaat hain. Wazeh rahe ke Quran-o-Hadees aur Ijmaa’ se Esaal-e-Sawab ki jo suratein saabit hain masalan: Dua aur Sadqa waghera, hum in ke qaail aur faa’il hain. Quran khwaani ke suboot par koyi shar’ee daleel nahi, lihaaza yeh bid’at hai. Ahl-e-Bid’at ne ise shikam parwari (pet bharne) ka behtareen zariya bana kar apne deen ka hissah bana liya hai.

Mubtadi’een Quran khwaani par kuch dalaail pesh karte hain un ka mukhtasar jaaizah pesh-e-khidmat hai:

Daleel Number ➊ 

Nabi-e-Kareem ﷺ ka guzar aisi do qabron ke paas se huwa jin mein azaab ho raha tha. Aap ﷺ ne farmaaya ke un ko azaab kisi bahut badi baat par nahi ho raha hai sirf yeh ke un main ek shakhs peshaab se nahi bachta tha aur doosra shakhs chughulkhori kiya karta tha.

ثُمَّ أَخَذَ جَرِيدَةً رَطْبَةً فَشَقَّهَا بِنِصْفَيْنِ ثُمَّ غَرَزَ فِي كُلِّ قَبْرٍ وَاحِدَةً، فَقَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، لِمَ صَنَعْتَ هَذَا؟ فَقَالَ: لَعَلَّهُ أَنْ يُخَفَّفَ عَنْهُمَا مَا لَمْ يَيْبَسَا

Tarjumah: Phir Aap ﷺ ne khajoor ki ek taaza tehni li aur us ke do tukde kar ke dono qabr par ek ek tukda gaad diya. Logon ne poocha ke Ya Rasoolallah! Aap ne aisa kiun kiya hai? Aap ﷺ ne farmaaya ke shayad us waqt tak ke liye in par azaab kuch halka ho jaaye jab tak yeh khushk na hon.

[Sahih Bukhari: 1/182, Hadees No: 1361, Sahih Muslim: 1/141, Hadees No: 292] 

◈ Hafiz Nawawi Rahimahullah likhte hain: 

استحب العلماء قراءة القرآن لهذا الحديث، لأنه إذا كان يرجي التخفيف بتسبيح الجريد، فتلاوته أوليٰ، والله أعلم

Tarjumah: Is Hadees se ulama-e-kiraam ne Quran-e-Kareem ki tilaawat ko Mustahab samjha hai, kiunki jab tehni ki tasbeeh ki wajah se azaab mein takhfeef (halka hona) ki ummeed ki jaati hai to Quran-e-Kareem ki tilaawat bil-awla aise hogi. Wallahu A’lam!

[Sharah Sahih Muslim Lin-Nawawi: 1/141] 

➥ Tabsirah: Is Hadees se Quran khwaani ke suboot par istedlaal jaaiz nahi, kiunki khair-ul-quroon mein koyi bhi is ka qaail nahi, neez is mein kahien zikr nahi ke azaab mein takhfeef un tehniyon ki tasbeeh ki wajah se hue, lihaaza yeh Qiyas Ma’-al-Faariq hai, neez yeh Nabi-e-Akram ﷺ ka khassah (khususiyat) tha. Azaab mein yeh takhfeef Nabi-e-Akram ﷺ ki dua aur shafa’at ki wajah se hue, jaisa ki:

Sayyiduna Jabir bin Abdullah Radhiallahu Anhuma se ek doosri riwayat hai ke Rasoolullah ﷺ ne farmaaya:

إِنِّي مَرَرْتُ بِقَبْرَيْنِ يُعَذَّبَانِ، فَأَحْبَبْتُ بِشَفَاعَتِي أَنْ يُرَفَّهَ عَنْهُمَا مَا دَامَ الْغُصْنَانِ رَطْبَيْنِ

Tarjumah: Main do aisi qabron ke paas se guzra, jin (ke murdon) ko azaab diya jaa raha tha. Main ne shafa’at ki wajah se chaaha ke yeh azaab un se halka ho jaaye, jab tak dono tehniyaan tarr rahein.

[Sahih Muslim: 2/418, Hadees No: 3012] 

In do mukhtalif waaqi’aat main illat (wajah) ek hi hai. Isi tarah ek teesra waqi’ah Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah Radhiallahu Anhu se bhi marwi hai.

[Sahih Ibn-e-Hibban: Hadees No: 824, Wa-Sanaduhu Hasan]

Neez dekhen: [Musannaf Ibn-e-Abi Shaibah: 3/376, Musnad-ul-Imam Ahmad: 2/441, Azab-ul-Qabr Lil-Baihaqi: 123, Wa-Sanaduhu Hasan] 

Faida ① 

◈ Muwarriq Al-Ijli kehte hain: 

أوصيٰ بريده الأسلمي أن توضع فى قبره جريدتان، فكان مات بأذني خراسان، فلم توجه إلا فى جوالق حمار

Tarjumah: Sayyiduna Buraidah Al-Aslami Radhiallahu Anhu ne wasiyyat ki thi ke un ki qabr par do tehniyaan rakhi jaayen, aap Radhiallahu Anhu Khurasaan ke ilaaqe main faut huwe, wahan yeh tehniyaan sirf gadhon ke chatton mein milien.

[At-Tabaqaat Li-Ibn e Sa’d: 7/8, Is ki Sanad Sahih hogi agar Muwarriq ka Buraidah se samaa’ sahih hai] 

➥ Tabsirah: Ba-shart-e-sihhat (Is Asar ke Sahih hone ki surat mein) yeh Sayyiduna Buraidah Radhiallahu Anhu ki apni zaati raaye ma’loom hoti hai. unhon ne qabr par do tehniyaan rakhne ka hukm diya tha, Nabi-e-Akram ﷺ ki tarah azaab se takhfeef ki gharz se gaadne ka hukm nahi diya.

Faida ② 

Sayyiduna Abu Barzah Al-Aslami Radhiallahu Anhu waali riwayat.

[Tareekh-e-Baghdad: 1/183-184] 

➥ Tabsirah: Yeh “Za’eef” hai. Is ke do raawiyon Ash-Shaah bin Ammar aur An-Nazr bin Al-Munzir bin Sa’labah Al-Abdi ke halaat nahi mil sake, doosri baat yeh ke Qatadah Rahimahullah “Mudallis” hain. Un ka Sayyiduna Anas Radhiallahu Anhu ke alawah kisi Sahabi se Samaa’ saabit nahi.

[Jami’-ut-Tahseel Fi Ahkaam-il-Maraseel: 255]

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Daleel number ➋ 

Sayyiduna Ma’qil bin Yasaar Radhiallahu Anhu se riwayat hai ke Rasoolullah ﷺ ne farmaaya:

اقرأوا على موتاكم يٰسين

Tarjumah: Apne qareeb-ul-marg (maut ke qareeb) logon par Surah Yaseen ki qira’at karo.

[Musnad-ul-Imam Ahmad: 5/26, Sunan Abi Dawood: 3121, Sunan Ibn-e-Majah: 1448]

Is Hadees ko Imam Ibn-e-Hibban [3002] aur Imam Haakim [It’haaf-ul-Maharah Li-Ibn-e-Hajar] Rahmatullahi Alaihima ne “Sahih” kaha hai.

➥ Tabsirah: Yeh Imam Ibn-e-Hibban aur Imam Haakim ka tasaahul hai, jabki: Is ki sanad “Za’eef” hai. Is ki sanad mein Abu Uthman ke waalid, jo ke “Majhool” hain, un ki ziyadat maujood hai. Yeh Al-Mazeed Fi Muttasil-il-Asaneed hai. Abu Uthman ne Sayyiduna Ma’qil bin Yasaar Radhiallahu Anhu se Samaa’ ki tasreeh nahi ki, lihaaza sanad “Za’eef” hue.

◈ Imam Ibn-e-Hibban Rahimahullah farmaate hain: 

أراد به من سيدناه المنية لا أن الميت يقرأ عليه، وكذلك قوله صلى الله عليه وسلم: لقنوا موتاكم: لا إله إلا الله

Tarjumah: Is Hadees se Aap ﷺ ne qareeb-ul-maut shakhs muraad liya hai, na ke mayyit par Quran padha jaana, isi tarah Aap ﷺ ka farmaan ke apne murdon ko La Ilaaha Illallaah ki talqeen karo (yeh bhi qareeb-ul-marg ke liye hai, mayyit ke liye nahi).

◈ Hafiz Ibn-ul-Qayyim Rahimahullah ne bhi isi baat ko tarjeeh di hai.

[Ar-Rooh Li-Ibn-e-Qayyim: Page No: 11] 

Faida number ①

قال صفوان (بن عمرو): حدثني المشيخة أنهم حضروا غضيف بن الحارث الثمالي، قال: فكان المشيخة يقولون: إذا قرأت عند الميت (يعني يٰسٓ) خفف عنه بها

Tarjumah: Safwan bin ’Amr ne kaha: Mujhe boodhon ne khabar di ke woh Guzaif bin Haarith Thumali ke paas haazir huwe, woh boodhe kehte the ke jab tu mayyit ke paas Surah Yaseen ki qira’at karega to us ki wajah se mayyit ke azaab mein takhfeef hogi.

[Musnad-ul-Imam Ahmad: 4/105]

Yeh boodhe na-ma’loom hain lihaaza sanad “Majhool” hone ki wajah se “Za’eef” hai. Is liye Hafiz Ibn-e-Hajar Rahimahullah [Al-Isabah Fi Tam’eez As-Sahaba: 3/184] ka is sanad ko “Hasan” qaraar dena sahih nahi.

Faida number ②

Sayyiduna Abu Darda aur Sayyiduna Abu Zarr Ghifari Radhiallahu Anhuma bayan karte hain Rasoolullah ﷺ ne farmaaya:

ما من ميت، فيقرأ عنده يٰسٓ إلا هون الله عزوجل عليه

Tarjumah: Jo mayyit marti hai aur us par Surah Yaseen ki qira’at ki jaati hai, Allah ﷻ us par aasaani kar dete hain.

[Musnad-ul-Firdaus: 6099, At-Talkhees-ul-Habeer Li-Ibn-e-Hajar: 2/104]

Is ki sanad “Mauzoo” (man ghadat) hai.

Is mein Marwan bin Salim Al-Ghifari “Matrook aur Wazzaa” hai.

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Daleel number ➌ 

Sayyiduna ’Ali Radhiallahu Anhu se riwayat hai ke Rasoolullah ﷺ ne farmaaya:

Jo koyi Qabrastaan se guzre aur Surah Ikhlaas ikkees (21) martaba padh kar us ka sawab mardon ko bakhsh de to us ko tamaam murdon ki ginti ke barabar sawab diya jaayega.

[Tareekh-e-Qazween: 2/297] 

 ➥ Tabsirah: Yeh “Sakht tareen Za’eef” hai, is ke rawi Dawood bin Sulaiman Al-Ghazi ke baare mein adna Kalimah-e-tauseeq (chhota sa tauseeq ka kalimah) bhi saabit nahi.

Is baare mein:

◈ Hafiz Zahbi Rahimahullah likhte hain: 

كذبه يحيي بن معين، ولم يعرفه أبو حاتم، وبكل حال فهو شيخ كذاب، له نسخة موضوعة عن على بن موسيٰ الرضا، رواها على بن محمد بن مهرويه القزويني الصدوق عنه

Tarjumah: Ise imam Yahya bin Ma’een ne Kazzaab kaha hai, Imam Abu Hatim ne is ko nahi pehchaana. Beher-haal yeh jhoota Shaikh hai. Is se ek paas ’Ali bin Musa Ar-Riza ki taraf mansoob ek jhoota nuskha tha, jise ’Ali bin Muhammed bin Mahrawaih sadooq ne us se bayan kiya hai.

[Meezan-ul-Aitedaal Liz-Zahabi: 2/8] 

Is darje ke raawiyon ki riwayat se hujjat pakadna Ahl-e-Bid’at hi ki shaan hai!

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Daleel number ➍ 

Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik Radhiallahu Anhu se riwayat hai ke Rasoolullah ﷺ ne farmaaya:

Jo koyi Qabrastaan mein daakhil ho aur Surah Yaseen tilaawat kare to un Qabrastaan waalon se Allah ﷻ azaab mein takhfeef farmaata hai aur padhne waale ko murdon ki ta’dad ke mutabiq nekiyaan milengi.

[Sharh-us-Sudoor Lis-Suyuti: Page No: 404] 

 ➥ Tabsirah: Yeh riwayat jhoot ka pulindah (dher) hai. Muhaddis Albani Rahimahullah ne is ki yeh sanad zikr ki hai:

أخرجه الثعلبي فى تفسيره [2/161/3] من طريق محمد بن أحمد الرياحي، حدثنا أبي، حدثنا أيوب بن مدرك عن أبي عبيده عن الحسن عن أنس بن مالك۔۔۔۔

 السلسلة الضعيفة: 1246

① Is ke rawi Ayyub bin Mudrik ko Imam Yahya bin Ma’een Rahimahullah ne “Kazzaab”, Imam Abu Hatim Ar-Raazi Rahimahullah, Imam Nasai Rahimahullah aur Imam Daraqutni Rahimahullah ne “Matrook”, Imam Abu Zur’ah Ar-Raazi Rahimahullah, Imam Ya’qoob bin Sufyan Jauzjani Rahimahullah, Imam Saleh bin Muhammed Jazarah aur Imam Ibn-e-Adi Rahimahullah waghera hum ne “Za’eef” kaha hai.

◈ Imam Ibn-e-Hibban Rahimahullah farmaate hain: 

روي أيوب بن مدرك عن مكحول نسخة موضوعة ولم يره

Tarjumah: Ayyub bin Mudrik ne Imam Mak’hool se ek man ghadat nuskha riwayat kiya hai, un ko dekha nahi.

[Lisaan Al-Meezan Li-Ibn-e-Hajar: 1/488] 

Us ke haqq mein adna Kalimah-e-tauseeq saabit nahi.

② Ahmad bin Abi Awwam Ar-Riyahi aur Abu Ubaidah ki tauseeq matloob hai.

③ Imam Hasan basari “Mudallis” hain aur “An” se riwayat kar rahe hain. Samaa’ ki tasreeh nahi hai.

——————

Daleel number ➎ 

Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah Radhiallahu Anhu kehte hain ke Rasoolullah ﷺ ne farmaaya:

Jo koyi Qabrastaan main jaaye aur phir Surah Fatiha, Surah Ikhlaas aur Surah At-Takaathur padhe, phir yun kahe, aye Allah! Jo main ne tere kalaam mein se padha, us ka sawab is Qabrastaan waale Momin mardon, Momin aurton ko pahuncha to woh tamaam us ki sifaarish Allah ﷻ ke haan karenge.

 [Fawaaid Li-Abi-il-Qasim bin Ali Zanji, ba-hawala Sharh-us-Sudoor Lis-Suyuti: Page No: 404]

 ➥ Tabsirah: Yeh be sanad hone ki wajah se mardood aur baatil hai.

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 Daleel number ➏ 

Hammad Makki ne kaha ke ek raat ko main Makkah shareef ke Qabrastaan mein gaya aur ek qabr par sar rakh kar so gaya, main ne dekha ke qabr waale halqon mein taqseem ho kar khade hain. Main ne kaha, kya qiyamat qaayim ho gayi hai? To unhon ne kaha: Nahi, lekin ek aadmi ne hamaare bhaiyon mein se Surah Ikhlaas padh kar us ka sawab hamein bakhsh diya. Hum ek saal se us ko taqseem kar rahe hain.

 [Sharh-us-Sudoor Lis-Suyuti: Page No: 404] 

 ➥ Tabsirah: Yeh be sanad hone ki wajah se “Mauzoo” (man ghadat) aur baatil hai.

Hammad na-ma’loom hai. Na-ma’loom aadmi ka be sanad khawaab Ahl-e-Bid’at ki daleel ban gaya hai!

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 Daleel number ➐ 

Al-Hasan bin Al-Haitham kehte hain ke Khattaab (naami shakhs) mere paas aaya aur mujhe kaha ke jab tu Qabrastaan jaaye to Surah Ikhlaas padh aur us ka sawab Qabrastaan waalon ko bakhsh de.

 [Al-Amr Bil-Ma’roof Wan-Nahi-e-An-il-Munkar Lil-Khallal: 252] 

 ➥ Tabsirah: Yeh “Sakht Za’eef” qaul hai. Is ke rawi Al-Hasan bin Al-Haitham ki tauseeq matloob hai.

Khattaab naami shakhs ke halaat aur tauseeq o adalat ka suboot diya jaaye.

——————

 Daleel number ➑ 

Ibrahim Nakha’ee kehte hain ke Qabrastaan mein Quran padhne mein koyi harj nahi.

 [Al-Amr Bil-Ma’roof Wan-Nahi-e-An-il-Munkar Lil-Khallal: 245] 

 ➥ Tabsirah: Yeh qaul “Sakht tareen Za’eef” hai, kiunki:

① Is mein Shareek bin Abdullah Al-Qaass “Mudallis” hain aur “An” ke saath bayan kar rahe hain, Samaa’ ki tasreeh saabit nahi hai.

② Murri naami rawi ki ta’een aur tauseeq matloob hai.

③ Yeh log Ibrahim Nakha’ee ke muqallid hain ya....... inhein chaahiye ke apne Imam se “Sahih Sanad” se is ka jawaaz pesh karen.

Na-ma’loom logon ke be sanad khawaab pesh karne ki kya zaroorat hai?

——————

 Daleel number ➒ 

Al-Hasan (bin Abdul Aziz) Al-Jurawi kehte hain ke main apni hamsheerah ki qabr par gaya aur wahan main ne Surah “Tabaarak-al-Lazi (Surah Mulk)” padhi. Ek shakhs mere paas aaya aur kaha ke main ne tumhari hamsheerah (behan) ko khawaab mein dekha hai, woh keh rahi thi ke Allah ﷻ meri taraf se mere bhai ko Jaza-e-Khair ata farmaaye. Jo us ne padha tha, main ne us se faida uthaaya.

 [Al-Amr Bil-Ma’roof Wan-Nahi-e-An-il-Munkar Lil-Khallal: Page No: 246]

➥ Tabsirah: Is khawaab ke rawi Abu Yahya An-Naqid ki tauseeq chaahiye.

Neez ummati ke khawaab shar’ee hujjat nahi hote.

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 Daleel number ➓ 

Al-Hasan bin As-Sabbah kehte hain ke main ne Imam Shafa’ee Rahimahullah se daryaaft kiya ke Qabrastaan mein qabron par Quran padhna kaisa hai? To farmaaya, koyi harj nahi.

 [Al-Amr Bil-Ma’roof Wan-Nahi-e-An-il-Munkar Lil-Khallal] 

 ➥ Tabsirah: Is mein Esaal-e-sawab ka zikr tak nahi hai. Agarche qabr par Quran-e-Kareem ki tilaawat ke jawaaz par bhi koyi shar’ee daleel nahi hai.

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 Daleel number ⓫ 

Khuthaim ne wasiyyat ki ke un ko Qabrastaan mein dafan kiya jaaye to un ki qaum un par Quran padhe.

 [Az-Zuhd Lil-Imam Ahmad: 2122]

 ➥ Tabsirah: Is ki sanad “Za’eef” hai, kiunki:

① Is mein Sufyan Thawri “Mudallis” hain, jo ke “An” ke saath bayan kar rahe hain. Samaa’ ki tasreeh saabit nahi, lihaaza sanad “Za’eef” hai.

② Is mein “Rajul” Mub’ham maujood hai.

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Daleel number ⓬ 

Salamah bin Shabeeb kehte hain ke main Imam Ahmad bin Hambal Rahimahullah ke paas aaya, woh nabeena Imam, jo ke Qabrastaan main Quran padhta tha, ke peeche Namaz padhte the. ”

 [Al-Amr Bil-Ma’roof Wan-Nahi-e-An-il-Munkar Lil-Khallal: Page No: 247]

➥ Tabsirah: Yeh qaul saabit nahi.

Is ke rawi Al-Abbas bin Muhammed bin Ahmad bin Abdul Aziz ki tauseeq nahi mil saki.

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Al-Hasil: Quran khwaani shar’ee dalaail se saabit nahi hai. Salaf-e-Saliheen mein se is ka koyi bhi qaail nahi, balki yeh baad ke bid’atiyon ki ijaad hai, jo unhon ne shikam parwari (pet bharne) ke liye jaari ki hai.