Hadees Aur Fiqh

Abu Mu’sa Ash’ari (Radhiallahu Anhu) se rivayat hai ke Nabi e Kareem Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne farmaya:

مَثَلُ مَا بَعَثَنِي اللَّهُ بِهِ مِنَ الْهُدَى وَالْعِلْمِ كَمَثَلِ الْغَيْثِ الْكَثِيرِ أَصَابَ أَرْضًا ، فَكَانَتْ مِنْهَا طَائِفَةٌ طَيِّبَةً قَبِلَتِ الْمَاءَ ، فَأَنْبَتَتِ الْكَلَأَ وَالْعُشْبَ الْكَثِيرَ ، وَكَانَتْ مِنْهَا أَجَادِبُ أَمْسَكَتِ الْمَاءَ ، فَنَفَعَ اللَّهُ بِهَا النَّاسَ ، فَشَرِبُوا وَسَقَوْا وَزَرَعُوا ، وَأَصَابَ مِنْهَا طَائِفَةً أُخْرَى ، إِنَّمَا هِيَ قِيعَانٌ لَا تُمْسِكُ مَاءً ، وَلَا تُنْبِتُ كَلَأً فَذَلِكَ مَثَلُ مَنْ فَقُهَ فِي دِينِ اللَّهِ وَنَفَعَهُ مَا بَعَثَنِي اللَّهُ بِهِ فَعَلِمَ وَعَلَّمَ ، وَمَثَلُ مَنْ لَمْ يَرْفَعْ بِذَلِكَ رَأْسًا ، وَلَمْ يَقْبَلْ هُدَى اللَّهِ الَّذِي أُرْسِلْتُ بِهِ

Tarjumah: Allah Taala ne mujhe jo hidayat aur ilm de kar bheja hai us ki misaal us ziyada barish ki tarah hai jo kisi zameen par barasti hai to zameen ka ek achcha tukda us paani ko jazb kar leta hai fir us mein bahut si ghaas aur sabza paida hota hai. Zameen ke baaz tukde sakht hote hain jo pani ko jama kar lete hain fir Allah Taala us se logon ko faida pahunchata hai. Log usey peete aur pilaate hain aur kheti karte hain. Zameen ke ek hissa chatyal maidaan ki tarah hota hai jo na paani rokta hai aur na us mein koi sabza ugta hai. Ye us shakhs ki misaal hai jise Allah ne deen mein tafaqquh diya aur jo deen main laaya hun us se nafa pahunchaya to us aadmi ne ilm seekha sikhaya. Aur doosri misaal us shakhs ki hai jisne deen par koi tawajjuh na di aur Allah ne jo hidayat de kar mujhe bheja hai usey qabool nahi kiya.

{Muttafaq Alaih}

[Takhreej: Sahih Bukhari (79), Sahih Muslim (15/2282)]

Fiqh ul Hadees:

1. Do qism ke log faide me hain:

Quran aur Hadees ko yaad kar ke uski taleem dene waale Aur Quran o Hadees ke tafaqquh ke zariye se deen e islam ke mutabiq apni zindagi guzarne waale.

2. Sahih ul Aqidah Alim ko aam logon par fazeelat hasil hai ba-shart ye ke wo kitaab o sunnat par amal karne waala ho, riyakaar aur laalchi na ho.

3. Muslalam bhaiyon se ta'wun karna aur unke kaam aana ahl e emaan ki nishaani hai.

4. Tafaqquh se muraad fehm e salaf e saliheen ki roshni mein Quran, Hadees aur Ijma par Amal hai. Kitaab o Sunnat ki mukhalifat karne waale baaz ahl e raaye apne aapko faqeeh samjh baithte hain halanki wo fiqa aur tafaqquh se bahut door hote hain.

Imam Bukhari Rahimahullah ke Ustaaz Imaam Ali bin al-Madeeni Rahimahullah farmate hain:

التَّفَقُّهُ فِي مَعَانِي الْحَدِيثِ نِصْفُ الْعِلْمِ ، وَمَعْرِفَةُ الرِّجَالِ نِصْفُ الْعِلْمِ

Hadeeth ke mafhoom ka Tafaqquh aadha ilm hai aur Asmaa e Rijaal ki pehchaan aadha ilm hai.

[Al-Muhaddith Ul-Faasil bayn ar-raawi wa al-Waa’i, Page No: 32, Hadees No: 222. Iski Sanad sahih hai]

Waleed bin Hammad Lu'lu'wee ek faqeeh guzre hain jinhein Hafiz Ibn e Hibban Rahimahullah ne Kitaab us Thiqaat (9/226) me zikr kiya hai. Unke bare me Abu Ja’far Muhammad bin Ubaid bin Utbah Al-Koofi (Siqah Sudooq) farmaate hain:

Wo kasrat se rone waalon me se they, Siqah faqeeh they, raaye se fatwa nahi dete they.

[Saheeh Abu Awaanah, Jild No: 1 Page No: 9 Hadees No: 12, Iski Sanad sahih hai]

Afsos hai un logon par jo Kitaab o Sunnat ka ilm hone ke bawjood jaan boojh kar Quran o Hadees ke khilaaf raaye par fatwe dete hain aur apne apko Faqeeh samajhe baithe hain.

Ek Sahih hadees mein aaya hai ki Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam do sajdon ke darmiyan ye dua padhte they:

رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لِي رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لِي

(Aey Mere Rab Mujhe Maaf Farma, Aey Mere Rab Mujhe Maaf Farma)

[Abu Dawood: 874, Nasai: 1070, 1146,

Musnad Abu Dawood Tayalisee: 416. Iski Sanad Sahih hai]

Tambeeh:

Nabi Sallallahu Alaihu Wasallam Gunahon se bilkul paak aur ma'soom hain. Aap yeh dua apni Ummat ki taleem ke liye padhte they ya is ka matlab ye hai ki Aye Allah! mere aur gunaahon ke darmiyaan ek parda daal de.

Jumhoor Muhaddiseen ke nazdeek Siqah raawi Imaam Mak'hool Tabi’ee Rahimahullah 2 sajdon ke darmiyan yeh dua padhte they:

اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِي، وَارْحَمْنِي، وَاجْبُرْنِي، وَارْزُقْنِي

(Aye Allah! Mujhe bakhsh de, mujh par rahem farma, Muje mazboot kar de aur mujhe rizq Ata farma)

[Musannif ibn Abi Shaybah, nuskha e jadeeda muhaqqaqah, Jild No: 2 Page No: 534 Hadees No: 8922. Iski Sanad sahih hai]

Iske Bar'aks (opposite) Muhammad bin Hasan bin Farqad Shaybani ki taraf Mansoob Kitaab “Al-Jami’ As-Sagheer” mein likha huwa hai:

Aur isi tarah do sajdon ke darmiyan Khamosh rahega.

[Page No: 88]

Is par haashye mein Maulana Abdul Hai Lucknawee likhte hain:

Jo Sahih Ahadees mein aaya hai yeh uske mukhalif hai.

[Sharah Al-Jami As-Sagheer, Page No: 88]

Note: Hafiz Zubair Ali Zai Rahimahullah ki kitaab Azwa ul Masabeeh fee Tehqeeq e Mishkat ul Masabeeh se manqool. Hadeeth no: 150 dekhen.