Ramadhan ul Mubarak Ke Kuch Ahkaam o Masaail (Part-9)

Ramadhan ul Mubarak Ke Kuch Ahkaam o Masaail (Part-9)

Tehreer: Shaikh Maqbool Ahmad Salafi Hafizahullah 

Aitekaf

Aitekaf aur us ka hukm
Aitekaf ka talluq ramadhan ke aakhri ashrey se hai. Yeh qurb e ilaahi ka ahem zariya hai. Is se mutaliq kai fazail warid hain magar sab ke sab zaeef hain lekin is ki Mashrooiyyat or Targheeb kai Aayaat or Ahadees se saabit hai. Aitekaf ibadat hai neez masjid mein aitekaf ki wajah se mukhtalif qism ki naikiyan karney ka mauqa milta hai is liye un sab ki fazeelat or ajr apni jagah musllam hai.
Allah ka farmaan hai:
وَعَهِدْنَا إِلَىٰ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ أَنْ طَهِّرَا بَيْتِيَ لِلطَّائِفِينَ وَالْعَاكِفِينَ وَالرُّكَّعِ السُّجُودِ۞
Tarjumah: Hum ne Ibrahim (Alaihissalam) aur Ismail (Alaihissalam) say wada liya ke tum meray ghar ko tawaaf karney walon aur aitekaaf karney walon aur rukoo sajda karney walon ke liye paak saaf rakho.
Surah Baqarah, Surah No: 2  Ayat No: 125

Neez Allah ka farmaan hai:
وَلَا تُبَاشِرُوهُنَّ وَأَنْتُمْ عَاكِفُونَ فِي الْمَسَاجِدِ ۗ
Tarjumah: Aur aurton se us waqt mubashirat na karo jabkey tum Masjidon mein aitekaaf mein ho.
Surah Baqarah, Surah No: 2  Ayat No: 187

Aur Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ke mutalliq Aisha Radhiallahu Anha ka farmaan hai:
أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم كَانَ يَعْتَكِفُ الْعَشْرَ الأَوَاخِرَ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ حَتَّى تَوَفَّاهُ اللَّهُ، ثُمَّ اعْتَكَفَ أَزْوَاجُهُ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ‏.‏
Tarjumah: Allah ke Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam apni wafaat tak barabar ramadhan ke aakhri ashray mein aitekaf kartey rahey aur Aap Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ke baad Aap ki azwaaj e mutahhraat (azwaaz means biwiyaan) aitekaf karti rahin.
Sahih Bukhari: 2026 and Sahih Muslim: 1172

Quran o Hadees ke alawah ummat ke ijmaa se bhi aitekaaf ki mashroiyyat saabit hai jaisa ki Sheikh ul Islam Imam Ibn e Taimiyah Rahimahullah ne naqal kiya hai.
Sharhul Umdah: 2/711

¤ Dalail ki roshni mein aitekaf wajib nahi balkey sunnat hai lekin agar koi aitekaf ki nazar maan ley to us ke haq mein aitekaaf wajib ho jaayega.

Aitekaf ki jagah
Jis tarah mard ke liye aitekaf masnoon hai usi tarah aurat ke liye bhi aitekaf mashroo’(means Quran o Hadees se sabit) hai. Aur yeh bhi wazeh rahey ke aitekaf ki jagah sirf masjid hai jaisa ki upar Quran ki aayat se wazeh hai aur Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne is par amal karkey dikhaya hai. Agar aurat aitekaf karey to usay bhi masjid mein hi aitekaf karna hoga chahey jama masjid ho ya jama masjid na ho. Sirf jama masjid mein aitekaf wali riwayat (لاَ اعْتِكَافَ إِلاَّ فِى مَسْجِدٍ جَامِعٍ) par kalaam hai. Agar jama masjid mein aitekaf karey to ziyada behtar hai taakay namaz e juma ke liye nikalney ki zaroorat na padey.

Aitekaf ka waqt
Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne ramadhan mein aksar dus (10) dino ka aitekaf kiya hai is liye afzal yeh hai ke ramadhan ke aakhri ashray mein dus (10) dino ka aitekaf karey kiyunkay aakhri ashray ki badi fazeelat aayi hai. Is ka tareeqa yeh hai ke aitekaf ki dil se niyat karey aur beeswen (20th) ramadhan ko Sooraj doobtey hi masjid mein daakhil ho jaye. Yeh ikeeswen (21th) ki raat hogi. Raat bhar zikr o azkaar aur nafli ibaadat mein masroof rahay aur Fajr ki namaz padh ke aitekaf ki jagah par chala jaye. Eid ka chaand hotay hi aitekaf khatm kardey.

Aitekaf ke Mabaah (jayez) umoor
Aitekaf ki halat mein masjid mein khana peena, ghusl karna, zaroorat ke waqt baat karna, tail (oil) khusbhoo istemaal karna, baghair shehwat biwi se baat cheet aur usay choona, sakht zaroorat ke liye bahar jaana for example: Masjid mein toilet na ho to qaza e hajat ke liye, juma wali masjid na ho to namaz e juma ke liye, khana koi laa kar denay wala na ho to khaana laaney ke liye wagera.

Aitekaf ke manafi umoor
Bagair zaroorat masjid se bahar jaana, jimaa (sexual intercourse) ya kisi aur tarah se jaan boojh kar mani (sperm) kharij karna aitekaf ke batil honay ka sabab hai. Isi tarah haiz o nifaas bhi aurat ka aitekaf baatil kardeyga. In ke alawah bagair zaroorat ke baat cheet, ghair zaroori kaam (aisey kaam jo zaroori na hon un) mein waqt barbaad karna ya ibadat ke manafi kaam jhoot o gheebat se bachey. Yeh aitekaaf ke batil honay ka sabab to nahi magar in se aitekaf ka maqsad faut ho jata hai. Isi tarah mareez ki iyadat, namaz e janazah aur dafan ke liye masjid se bahar nikalna bhi jayez nahi hai.

Aitekaf ke masnoon aa’maal
Mo’takif (aitekaaf mein baithney waley) ko chahiye ke dus (10) dino mein kasrat se tadabbur ke saath tilawat, zikr o azkaar, dua or istighfaar aur nafli ibadaat anjaam day. Khashoo, khuzoo aur huzoor qalbi (dil ki haazri) ke saath Allah se talluq jorney par mehnat o mashaqqat karey. Ramadhan taqwa ka mazhar hai, aitekaf se taqwa ko mazeed taqwiyyat (taqat o quwwat) bakhshay. In hi dinon mein Lailatul Qadr aati hai aitekaaf mein baithney waley ke liye usay paney ka sunehra mauqa hai, Aap Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne isi maqsad se teeno ashray mein aitekaf kiya. Jab aakhri ashray mein shab e qadr ki khabar mili to us mein aitekaf karney lagey.

Mazeed chand (kuch) masail
¤ Aitekaf ki is tarah niyat karna “نویت سنت الاعتکاف ﷲ تعالیٰ” (mein ne Allah Taala ki raza ke liye sunnat e aitekaaf ki niyat ki) Bidat hai. Niyat sirf dil se karna hai.

¤ Aitekaf ke liye roza shart nahi “لااعتکاف الابصوم” wali riwayat par kalam hai (means wo riwayat zaeef hai).

¤ Masjid mein aurat ke liye jab tak makhsoos or mehfooz jagah na ho tab tak usay aitekaf mein baithna jayez nahi.

¤ Sirf teen Masajid mein aitekaf ka aitqaad bhi sahih nahi hai.

¤ Aitekaf ki muddat mutayyan nahi hai is liye dus (10) din se kam aur ziyada ka bhi aitekaf kiya jaa sakta hai. Hadees mein kam se kam aik din aik raat ke aitekaf ka zikr aaya hai.

¤ Ramadhan ke alawah doosrey months mein bhi aitekaf kiya jaa sakta hai jaisa ki Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam se saabit hai.

¤ Agar kisi ne aitekaf ki niyat ki (magar nazar nhi maani) lekin halaat ki wajah se aitekaf nahi kar saka to us par kuch nahi hai (means koi kaffara wagera nhi hai).

¤ Ijtimaai aitekaf is tarah ke aik masjid mein kai mo’takif (aitekaaf karney waley) hon jayez hai magar ijtimai surat se zikr ya dua ya ibadat karna soofiya ki tarah jayez nahi hai.

Aitekaf se mutalliq kuch zaeef Ahadees
Pehli Hadees:
منِ اعتَكَفَ عشرًا في رمضانَ كانَ كحجَّتينِ وعُمرتينِ
Tarjumah: Jis shakhs ne ramadhan ul mubarak mein dus din ka aitekaf kiya, us ka sawab do hajj aur do umrah ke barabar hai.
Silsila az Zaeefah (Albani): 518

Doosri Hadees:
مَنِ اعتكف يومًا ابتِغاءَ وجهِ اللهِ ؛ جعل الله بينَه وبينَ النارِ ثلاثةَ خنادقَ ، كُلُّ خَندَقٍ أبْعدُ مِمَّا بينَ الخافِقَيْنِ
Tarjumah: Jo shakhs Allah ki raza ke liye aik din aitekaf karta hai, Allah Taala us ke aur dozakh ke darmiyan teen khandaqon ka faasla kar deta hai. Har khandaq mashriq se maghrib ke darmiyani faaslay se ziyada lambi hai.
Silsila az Zaeefah (Albani): 5345

Teesri Hadees:
أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ قَالَ فِي الْمُعْتَكِفِ ‏ "‏ هُوَ يَعْكِفُ الذُّنُوبَ وَيُجْرَى لَهُ مِنَ الْحَسَنَاتِ كَعَامِلِ الْحَسَنَاتِ كُلِّهَا
Tarjumah: Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne aitekaf karney walay ke baarey mein farmaya: Woh gunaahon se rok deta hai, aur us ke liye sab neki karney walay ki tarah neki likhi jati hai.
Ibne Majah: 1781
! Allama Albani Rahimahullah ne is “Zaeef Ibn e Majah: 352” mein isko zaaef kaha hai. 

Chauthi Hadees:
مَنِ اعتكفَ إيمانًا واحتسابًا غُفِرَ لَهُ ما تَقَدَّمَ مِنْ ذَنْبِه
Tarjumah: Jo emaan aur ajr o sawaab ki niyat se aitekaf karta hai us ke pichley saaray gunah maaf kar diye jatay hain.
Zaeef ul Jaami’ (Albani): 5452

Paanchvi Hadees:
لا اعتكافَ إلا في المساجدِ الثلاثةِ
Tarjumah: Aitekaf teen masjid ke alawah kisi mein nahi.
! Shaikh Ibn e Baaz ne isko zaaef kahan hai. Dekhen: Majmoo’ Fatawa Ibn e Baaz: 25/218

Romanised By: Umar Asari

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