Ramadhan ul Mubarak Ke Kuch Ahkaam o Masaail (Part-12)

Ramadhan ul Mubarak Ke Kuch Ahkaam o Masaail (Part-12)

Tehreer: Shaikh Maqbool Ahmad Salafi Hafizahullah 

Eid ul Fitr

Eid ul Fitr aur us ka hukm:
2 Hijri mein roza farz howa, sadqat ul fitr bhi usi saal wajib howa aur usi saal pehli martaba Eid ul Fitr ki namaz ada ki gayi. Eid ki namaz musalmanoon par wajib hai, baghair uzr ke is se peechay reh jaaney wala gunehgaar hai.

Wujoob ki daleel Sahihain ki us Hadees se milti hai jis mein Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne Haizah aurat tak ko Eidgah jaaney ka hukm diya hai. (Wo Hadees aagey aa rahi hai).
Yahi mauqif Sheikh Islam Ibn e Taimiyah, Sheikh Albani, Sheikh Ibn e Baaz, Sheikh ul Hadees Ubaidullah Mubarakpoori Rahimahumullah ka hai.

Eid ka chaand:
Ramadhan ki 29 tareekh ko chaand dekhnay ka ehtimaam karna chahiye. Wazeh rahay ke ramadhan ke chaand ki ruiyyat ke liye aik Adil Musalman ki gawahi kaafi hai magar ramadhan ke alawah baqiya tamam mahino ke liye do Adil musalman ki gawahi zaroori hai. Jab chaand nazar aaye to yeh dua padhan:
اَللّٰھُمَّ اؑھلَّه عَلَیْنَا بِالْأمْنِ وَالْإیْمَانِ وَالسَّلا مَةِ وَالْإسْلَامِ رَبِّي وَرَبُّك اللّه
Sunan Tirmidhi: 3451 
! Allama Albani Rahimahullah ne Silsila As-Saheehah: 1816 mein isko sahih kaha hai

Fitranay ki adaigi:
Eid ka chaand nikalney se Fitray ka wajibi waqt shuru ho jata hai lehaza Eid ki namaz se pehlay pehlay dhai kilo (2.50kg) anaaj ghar ke chootey badey tamam logon ki taraf se nikaal ke Fuqara or Masakeen ko de den.
عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَرَضَ زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ مِنْ رَمَضَانَ عَلَى كُلِّ نَفْسٍ مِنْ الْمُسْلِمِينَ حُرٍّ أَوْ عَبْدٍ أَوْ رَجُلٍ أَوْ امْرَأَةٍ صَغِيرٍ أَوْ كَبِيرٍ صَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ أَوْ صَاعًا مِنْ شَعِيرٍ
Tarjumah: Abdullah bin Umar Radhiallahu Anhuma se riwayat hai ki Allah ke Rasool Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne ramadhan mein musalmaano mein se har shakhs par azaad ya gulaam, mard ho ya aurat, choota ho ya bada khajooron ka aik saa’ ya jaw (barley) ka aik saa’ Sadqat ul fitr muqarrar farmaya.
Sahih Muslim: 984

Eid ki raat ibadat:
Eid ki raat ibadat karney se mutalliq aik riwayat bayan ki jaati hai. Riwayat yeh hai:
قَامَ لَيْلَتَىِ الْعِيدَيْنِ لِلَّهِ مُحْتَسِبًا لَمْ يَمُتْ قَلْبُهُ يَوْمَ تَمُوتُ الْقُلُوبُ
Tarjumah: Jis ne Eid ul Fitr aur Eid ul dono raton ko ajr o sawaab ki niyat se Allah Taala ke liye qiyam kiya us ka dil us din murda nahi ho ga jis din dil mar jayengey.
Ibn e Majah: 1782
Yeh riwayat ghari hue (mauzoo) hai, is liye is se Daleel nahi pakdi jayegi. Is riwayat ko Sheikh Albani Rahimahullah ne “Zaeef Ibne Majah: 353” mein mauzoo kaha hai aur “Silsla az Zaeefah: 521” mein sakht zaeef kaha hai. Deegar Muhaddiseen ne bhi isey zaeef qarar diya hai.
Goya Eid ki raat ibadat karney se mutalliq fazeelat wali koi riwayat saabit nahi hai. Is ka yeh matlab hargiz na liya jaaye ke is din qiyam nahi kiya ja sakta hai, jis tarah doosri raaton mein qiyam karney ka sawab hai is umoom mein yeh raat bhi daakhil hai.

Takbeer:
Chaand raat ko sooraj doobnay se lekar namaz  e Eid tak Takbeer padhna sunnat hai, yani Eid ki raat se lekar khutba khatm honay tak Takbeer padhna chahiye. Ghar mein ho, bazaar mein ho ya masjid mein. Mard hazraat buland aawaaz se padhen aur khawateen past (halki) aawaz mein.
Allah Taala ka farmaan hai:
وَلِتُكْمِلُوا الْعِدَّةَ وَلِتُكَبِّرُوا اللَّهَ عَلَىٰ مَا هَدَاكُمْ وَلَعَلَّكُمْ تَشْكُرُونَ
Tarjumah: Woh chahta hai ke tum ginti poori kar lo aur Allah Taala ki di hue hidayat par us ki badaiyan bayan karo aur us ka shukr karo.
Surah Baqarah,  Surah No: 2,  Ayat No: 185

Takbeerat ke saabit shuda alfaaz:
1. اللهُ أكبرُ اللهُ أكبرُ لا إلهَ إلا اللهُ واللهُ أكبرُ اللهُ أكبرُ وللهِ الحمدُ
Is ki sanad ko Allama Albani Rahimahullah ne sahih kaha hai. 
Irwa ul Ghaleel: 3 / 125

2. اللهُ أكبرُ كبيرًا اللهُ أكبرُ كبيرًا اللهُ أكبرُ وأجلُّ اللهُ أكبرُ على ما هَدَانا
Is ki sanad ko Allama Albani Rahimahullah ne sahih kaha hai. 
Irwa ul Ghaleel: 3 / 126

3. اللَّهُ أَكبرُ كبيرًا، اللَّهُ أَكبرُ كبيرًا، اللَّهُ أَكبرُ كبيرًا
Is ko Sheikh Ibn e Taimiyah Rahimahullah ne saabit kaha hai. 
Majmoo’ ul Fatawa: 23 / 326

4. اللهُ أكبرُ اللهُ أكبرُ ، اللهُ أكبرُ كبيرًا
Hafiz Ibn e Hajar Rahimahullah ne isay Takbeer ka sab se sahih Segha jo saabit hai kaha hai. 
Fatah ul Bari: 2 / 462

!! Takbeer mein yeh dhiyaan rakhna chahiye ke ijtimai taur par Takbeer kehna yani sab aik aawaz ho kar Takbeer kahen yeh bidat hai!!

Eid ka roza:
Eid ke din roza rakhna mana hai:
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، - رضى الله عنه - أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم نَهَى عَنْ صِيَامِ يَوْمَيْنِ يَوْمِ الأَضْحَى وَيَوْمِ الْفِطْرِ
Tarjumah: Hazrat Abu Hurairah Radhiallahu Anhu farmatey hain ki Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne do dinon Eid ul Fitr aur Eid ul Azha ke din roza rakhnay se mana farmaya hai.
Sahih Muslim: 1138

Ghusl, Libaas aur Khusbhoo:
Eid ke din ghusl karna mustahab hai. Behtar hai Fajr ki namaz ke baad ghusl karey, agar kisi wajah se is se pehlay ghusl kar liya to bhi koi harj nahi.
Isi tarah umdah or saaf suthra kapda pahenna chahiye jaisa ki Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam se eid ke din khoobsurat chadar orhney ka suboot milta hai aur khusbhoo Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ko bohot pasand thi is liye hamein bhi usay pasand karna chahiye.

Eid ke din khana:
Khajoorein khaa kar Eidgaah jana masnoon hai:
عَنْ أَنَسٍ، قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم لاَ يَغْدُو يَوْمَ الْفِطْرِ حَتَّى يَأْكُلَ تَمَرَاتٍ
Tarjumah: Anas bin Malik Radhiallahu Anhu farmatey hain ki RasoolAllah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam Eid ul Fitr ke din chand khujoorein khaaye baghair na nikaltey.
Sahih Bukhari: 953

Taaq khajoorein khaa kar Eidgaah jaana chahiye jaisa ki riwayaat se pata chalta hai (dekhen: Bukhari: 953) aur khajoor na ho to jo bhi miley khaa ley.

Eidgaah paidal jana:
Paidal Eidgaah jana chahiye aur usi tarah wapas aana chahiye:
عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ يَخْرُجُ إِلَى الْعِيدِ مَاشِيًا وَيَرْجِعُ مَاشِيًا
Tarjumah: Ibn e Umar Radhiallahu Anhuma se riwayat hai ki Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam Eidgaah paidal jatay or paidal hi wapas tashreef laatay.
Ibn e Majah: 1295
! Allama Albani Rahimahullah ne isko Sahih kaha hai.
Zarooratmand aadmi sawari par sawaar ho sakta hai.

Wapas lot-tay hue raasta badal dena chahiye:
عَنْ جَابِرٍ، قَالَ كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم إِذَا كَانَ يَوْمُ عِيدٍ خَالَفَ الطَّرِيقَ
Tarjumah: Jabir Radhiallahu Anhu kehtey hain ki Eid ke din Rasool e Akram Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam aik raastey se jaatey fir doosra raasta badal kar aatey.
Sahih Bukhari: 986

Rastay ke badalney ki hikmat se mutalliq bohot saaray aqwaal mlitey hain, sab se achcha jawab Sheikh Ibn e Uthaimeen ka hai ke is ki hikmat Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ki ittibaa’ aur pairwi hai.

Eidgaah:
Eid ki namaz khuley maidaan mein ada ki jaye albatta zaroorat ke tehat masjid mein bhi ada ki ja sakti hai jaisa ki barish ki wajah se Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne Masjid mein Eid ki namaz padhi thi.

Eid ki namaz aur khawateen:
Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne aurton ko eid ki namaz padhney ka hukm diya lehaza khawateen ko Eid ki namaz mein shareek hona chahiye chahey woh budhi hon ya jawan, shadi shuda hon ya ghair shadi shuda aur baligha hon ya na baligha yahan tak Aap Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne Haizah aurat ko bhi Eidgaah jaaney ka hukm diya taakay woh musalmanoon ki dua mein shareek ho sakay:
عَنْ أُمِّ عَطِيَّةَ، قَالَتْ أَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَنْ نُخْرِجَهُنَّ فِي الْفِطْرِ وَالأَضْحَى الْعَوَاتِقَ وَالْحُيَّضَ وَذَوَاتِ الْخُدُورِ فَأَمَّا الْحُيَّضُ فَيَعْتَزِلْنَ الصَّلاَةَ وَيَشْهَدْنَ الْخَيْرَ وَدَعْوَةَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ‏.‏ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِحْدَانَا لاَ يَكُونُ لَهَا جِلْبَابٌ قَالَ:‏ لِتُلْبِسْهَا أُخْتُهَا مِنْ جِلْبَابِهَا
Tarjumah: Hazrat Umm e Atiyah Radhiallahu Anha se riwayat hai wo kehti hain ki Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne hamein hukm farmaya ke aurton ko Eid ul Fitr aur Eid ul Azha mein Eidgaah le jaayen jawan larkiyon, haiz wali aurton aur parda nasheen khawateen ko bhi, haan haiz wali aurtein namaz se alag rahen lekin woh khair mein aur musalmanoon ki dua mein shareek hon, mein ne arz kiya Aye Allah ke Rasool Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam hum mein se kisi aik ke paas chadar na ho to? Aap Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne farmaya: Us ki behan us ko apni chaadar pehna dey.
Sahih Muslim: 890

Is liye Eid ke din khawateen ke liye afzal hai ke woh Eidgah jayen. zimmaydaaron ko chahiye ke khawateen ke liye alag se intizam karen taakay khawateen bhi mardon ke saath Eid ki namaz padh saken. Khawateen ka alag se Eid ki namaz ada karna sabit nahi hai.

Eid ki namaz ka tareeqa:
¤ Eidgaah mein Eid ki namaz se pehlay ya us ke baad koi namaz nahi hai, isi tarah Eid ki namaz ke liye azaan o Iqamat bhi nahi hai.
¤ Namaz e Eid sirf do rakat hai. Pehli rakat mein saat (7) Takbeerein aur doosri rakat mein paanch (5) Takbeerein padhay.

Khutba e Eid:
Namaz ke baad imam mard o khawateen ko waaz o naseehat karey. Khutba sahih qaul ki roshni mein sunnat hai, wajib nahi hai. Eid ki namaz ke baad Nabi Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne farmaya tha:
مَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَنْصَرِفَ فَلْيَنْصَرِفْ،‏‏‏‏ وَمَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يُقِيمَ لِلْخُطْبَةِ فَلْيُقِمْ
Tarjumah: Jo lautna pasand karey woh lout jaye aur jo khutba sunney ke liye rukna chahay woh ruk jaye.
Nasai: 1571
! Allama Albani Rahimahullah ne isko Sahih kaha hai.
¤ Juma ki tarah is ka sunna wajib nahi lekin waaz naseehat ko suney baghair jana bhi nahi chahiye.
¤ Eid ka aik hi khutba hadees se saabit hai.
¤ Khutba ke baad ya Namaz e Eid ke baad ijtimai dua ka saboot nahi milta lehaza is nai ijaad se bachna chahiye.

Juma ke din Eid ki namaz:
Agar juma ke din Eid ki namaz pad jaaye to us din juma ki namaz padh satkey hain ya phir Zohr hi ada karna kaafi hoga.
عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏قَالَ:‏‏‏‏ اجْتَمَعَ عِيدَانِ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏فَصَلَّى بِالنَّاسِ، ‏‏‏‏‏‏ثُمَّ قَالَ:‏‏‏‏  مَنْ شَاءَ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ الْجُمُعَةَ فَلْيَأْتِهَا، ‏‏‏‏‏‏وَمَنْ شَاءَ أَنْ يَتَخَلَّفَ فَلْيَتَخَلَّف
Tarjumah: Ibn e Umar Radhiallahu Anhuma se marwi hai ke RasoolAllah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ke zamaney mein aik saath do eid jama ho gai (yani eid aur juma) to Aap Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne logon ko Eid ki namaz padhaai phir farmaya: Jo shakhs juma aana chahey aaye, aur jo na chaahey na aaye.
Ibn e Majah: 1312
! Allama Albani Rahimahullah ne is Hadees ko Sahih li Gairihi kaha hai.

Namaz e Eid aur qaza:
¤ Agar kisi ko aik rakat mil jaye to us ne Eid ki namaz paa li, jo aakhri rakat ke sajda ya tashahud mein imam ke saath miley to woh Eid ki namaz ki tarah namaz ada kar ley.
¤ Agar kisi ki eid ki namaz chut jaye to Eid ki namaz ki tarah ada kar ley, chand log hon to jamaat qayem kar ley. Jinhon ne kaha Namaz e Eid ki qaza nahi sahih baat nahi hai. Qaza ka bhi aasaar se suboot milta hai. Neez jis asar se qaza ki soorat mein chaar rakat padhnay ka zikr milta hai usay Sheikh Albani Rahimahullah ne “Irwa ul Ghaleel” mein munqata qarar diya hai. Qaza kartey hue do rakat hi ada karey aur khutba e eid chor dey.

Eid ki Mubarakbadi:
Eid ke din aik doosray ko in alfaaz mein mubarakbad di jaye:
تَقَبَّلَ اللهُ مِنَّا ومنكَ
(Allah Taala hum sab ki eid aur deegar aamaal e saliha qubool farmaiye).
كان أصحابُ النبيِّ صلَّى اللهُ عليه وسلَّم إذا الْتَقَوْا يومَ العيدِ يقولُ بعضُهم لبعضٍ : تَقَبَّلَ اللهُ مِنَّا ومنكَ
Tarjumah: Jubeer bin Nufeer (Tab’ee) bayan kartey hain ki Nabi Kareem Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ke Sahaba e Kiram Radhiallahu Anhum Eid ke din jab aik doosray se miltey to aik doosray ko kehtey:
تَقَبَّلَ اللهُ مِنَّا ومنكَ
(Allah Taala mujh se aur aap se qubool farmaye).
! Is ko Sheikh Albani Rahimahullah ne sahih kaha hai.
Tamam ul Minnah: : 354
! Hafiz Ibn e Hajar Rahimahullah ne isey Hasan kaha hai. 
Fatah ul Baari: 2 / 517

Eid ke din khel:
Eid ke din khushi ke izhaar mein jaaiz khail ka muzahira karey to koi harj nahi. Eid ke din Habsha ke logon ka Dhaalon aur Barchon se khelna saabit hai. Aap Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne bhi is khel ko dekha aur un Habshiyon ko mazeed khelnay ko kaha. Yeh Hadees Bukhari Shareef (950) mein Kitaab ul Eidein ke tehat mazkoor hai.
Romanised By: Umar Asari

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